What Is Technology Assessment Essays - Technology,

What Is Technology Assessment? Official SUMMARY This report expects to acquaint and to give a comprehension of Technology Assessment both in its over a significant time span structure. Its various perspectives, approaches, instruments and strategies, which are altogether pertinent to the building chief and investigator the same, are talked about. The four distinctive Technology Assessment standards as portrayed by Eijnhoven (1997) alongside the perspectives on teachers in this subject on the inquiry What is Technology Assessment? , is likewise talked about and investigated. By understanding the underlying foundations of mechanical evaluation and its effects on regular daily existence, one can perceive and value the significance of its essence in an ever-evolving condition. The initial segment of this report intends to accomplish this. The second piece of this report portrays the expanded requirement for designers to consolidate Technology Assessment into building dynamic and its training. Distinctive building orders will see Technology Assessment in alternate points of view. How they will move toward a specific issue through the distinctive ecological, social, specialized, monetary and political variables is a piece of the dynamic procedure (Taylor, 2000). THE NEED FOR TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT Brief History In the post-war time, the need of considering social expenses and advantages just as private expenses and advantages got evident. At that point, issues identifying with estimating the future outcomes of complex innovations turned out to be increasingly self-evident (Freeman 1995). Such a model if the issue of atomic force. The constraints of an absolutely financial aspects based evaluation of social and ecological issues had gotten clear. It was in these conditions that methods of 'Innovation Assessment' started to be utilized trying to conquer the deficiencies and confinements of money saving advantage examination. In this manner, Technology Assessment was received by U.S Congress and governments from around the globe and was broadly perceived through the need to make freely accessible appraisal of the expected dangers, perils, expenses and advantages of growing new advances. It additionally started the significance of parliamentary control of evaluation techniques and the association of various orders. Reflections A case of growing new advancements would be the asset introduction by Wahidul Biswas on Socio-Technical Design in Mechanical Engineering. In his introduction, Wahidul discusses the outcomes of new advances, that is, social and natural perspectives. New advances (NT's) focuses less on the numbers utilized (a social angle) and prompts deficient burning and biomass utilization in creating nations (a natural viewpoint). Innovation Assessment as depicted in Eijnhoven readings by the talk from Bronwyn Holland as a similitude that 'Innovation Assessment lights up the dimness/mistiness of the innovation society interface' (Eijnhoven 1997). This is very evident. In a general public where nothing is open, Technology Assessment is important to carry innovation and society to 'light', as it were, so as to increase a superior comprehension. One significant motivation behind innovation evaluation, as a rule, will be ceaseless improvement. By utilizing assessment results, one will better see how a mechanical item or procedure is working and where it is going. With this more noteworthy seeing, better choices can be made that will improve/refine the life of the item or procedure over the long haul. Models would include: ? radiation ? atomic vitality ? fuel discharges Negative impacts of the abovementioned, all in all, are turning out to be beneficial outcomes through the persistent execution of innovation appraisal. Another genuine model would be in the zone of Health Technologies. The asset introduction by Hung Nguyen on Design issues in Electrical Engineering discusses the need to structure a non-obtrusive hypoglycaemia screen fit for observing hypoglycaemia conditions, without extricating blood or body liquid. Innovation evaluation is important in planning such a gadget for diabetic patients. Utilizing new and improving innovation, further developed observing frameworks can be structured and executed to more readily satisfy society. Designers are right now chipping away at such a gadget. As expressed in his talk, there is no hypoglycaemia screen in the market at present. There are a wide range of motivations to assess a specific innovation. Numerous individuals think about an appraisal as a nerve-wracking process intended to decide kept subsidizing or acknowledgment. Despite the fact that settling on choices on kept financing or acknowledgment could be a motivation behind innovation evaluation, there are numerous different reasons why one ought to survey innovation. A portion of these reasons are: ? To give data to specialists and others on parts of the innovation that function admirably and the potential issues that emerges. ? To get potential

Bottlenecks That Face Riordan Manufacturing Essay Example for Free

Bottlenecks That Face Riordan Manufacturing Essay China plant works as a decentralized unit of Riordan Manufacturing. Parts are bought by purchasers in the China Plant’s buying division from a nearby Chinese organization. While this organization endeavors to keep up sufficient amounts of electric engines in stock to meet all its request necessities, its on-time conveyances over the previous year have arrived at the midpoint of just 93%. Some portion of the China’s plant’s business is a make-to-stock activity where the future interest for fans is anticipated dependent on taking the normal of deals throughout the previous three years and extrapolating it into the following year. Pontiac office needs to keep up adequate supplies of a wide assortment of crude materials so as to rapidly react to client demands for new custom plastic parts. Riordan Manufacturing utilizes the Huffman Trucking Company to deliver the entirety of its items in the United States. Rates for delivery a full truckload of payload to a solitary goal are lower than transportation fractional burdens. Higher rates for not exactly full shipments. Improvement Ideas that may work for Riordan Manufacturing: The China plant is a decentralized unit of Riordan Manufacturing, which I would think would not be the best thought for Riordan. All offices need to have correspondence with Riordan’s home office. China needs to have its own procedure for running Riordan’s China Location, yet need to keep in touch, and acquire endorsement from Riordan Headquarters, before significant undertakings are begun. The China plant buys parts from a one nearby producer, and plastic from one neighborhood maker. The China plant needs to discover different plants that will likewise create and deliver parts to them, on the grounds that the China plant can't depend just on one association for parts, and one association for plastic items. What might occur if the associations couldn't get Riordan China its parts? Riordan China would need to stop creation, and afterward put fabricating behind. The China plant anticipating strategy may should be checked on for exactness, If the association has two or three terrible years it might lead the plant to under gauge shopper request. Need to take a gander at economy and purchaser history as well. The Pontiac Facility needs to discover options in contrast to conveying huge entireties of stock. Need to work with merchants on Just-In-Time stock. This will assist with bringing down expenses, and help let loose stock space. Perhaps the Pontiac Facility can keep an insignificant sum ofâ stock on things that are utilized all the more every now and again underway. Riordan needs to take a gander at other trucking organizations that are eager to take incomplete shipments, so Riordan doesn't need to hang tight for full shipments. Riordan needs to see little cargo organizations, or even enormous cargo organizations like FedEx and UPS who are slanted to taking incomplete cargo stacks, and can ensure appearance dates.

Beginners Blogging Commandments Rules of Blogging You MUST Know!

Beginners Blogging Commandments Rules of Blogging You MUST Know! .elementor-19992 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19992{text-align:center}Last Updated on March 13, 2020Blogging is hot right now, super hot in fact, but not every new blogger will succeed simply because they are not prepared to learn the craft, as well as doing the actual blogging!Want to create a blog the right way? Disclosure As an independent review site, we get compensated if you purchase through the referral links or coupon codes on this page â€" at no additional cost to you. Dismiss alert Then follow theseInfographic courtesy of StartBloggingOnline.comHere are the 10 blogging tips for beginners1. Learn SEO blogging basicsMetadataThe metadata of your blog tells Google and other search engines exactly what your blog is about. So if your article focuses specifically on “how to grow apples,” dont type your metadata tag as “I love apples!”, enter metadata specifically about the blog post’s subject matter.Keyword researchGoogle’s algorithm calculates which search k eywords and combinations of keywords are used the most on your pages. If youre trying to rank for something that nobody is searching for or something that is too difficult for you to rank for, then you are off to a bad start!Site structureA logical structure to your site is highly important for SEO purposes and for user experience. It will also allow Google crawlers to pick up your articles more efficiently which means all your pages are more likely to rank in Google.2. Build authenticity and credibility from the beginningBe yourselfBegin blogging on the right foot by being authentic. Your content ideas and logic will flow much better if it comes from the heart, rather than you trying to wing it and be someone youre not.Be factualWhatever you do, dont lie! Don’t make stuff up! You’ll be found out rather quickly and it will degrade your brand image. Do your research and if you don’t know, find outâ€"this is likely to pay back 10-fold.Disclose relationshipsOne of the most import ant blogging rules is to be transparent and dont do anything underhanded. Make it blatantly obvious when you’re advertising something. Use the standard Amazon affiliate clause if that’s a chosen monetization route.Social proof t just learn from reading text period. We use a combination of text, images, and audio cues to retain and engage with information. Use high-quality and relevant images in your blog posts to increase the on-page time of your audience.It just plain ranks betterAll other things being equal, long-form content will outrank a shorter article, rank for more keywords, and will get more traffic and shares.4. Create your own productGreater incomeIncome diversity is powerful. Apart from internet marketing affiliation and adverts, creating your own product once your blog is getting traffic could arguably be your biggest asset. Its yours and only you can decide whether to take it off the market.Self-relianceRelying on someone else’s products can be unreliable as they may be taken down or affiliate links may be changed under your nose. Nobody can take away your own product, however.Authoritative authorYou automatically increase your credibility and become an authority because it’s your product. You’ve created it, you’ve researched it, therefore you cultivate an air of authority.5. Build linkable assets for other bloggers to shareAssets that attract links/sharesCreate engaging and eye-catching content, something thats easy to scan through and highly visual. This will make it easy for your audience and other bloggers to link to and share.Example assetsWhat you’re reading right now worksâ€"a colorful and highly visual infographic. Provide a problem to a solution and perhaps add some humorâ€"funny memes are all the rage. Data-driven images and “mapographics” are also applicable in some niches. 6. Blog for the reader MORE than search enginesGoogle isnt going to buy your product or subscribe to your email list. Its your reader base that you need to focus on:FrequencyWhen you begin blogging, tell your followers when youll be updating your blog. A common frequency is once a week. They know that every Sunday they can sit with a cup of coffee and read the latest from their favorite blogger. (That’s you!)Add valueIncrease engagement by asking your followers to participateâ€"ask questions, encourage comments, ask followers to send you a DM on Instagram, run competitions.Without stuffingA head keyword on its own wont do much for traffic and rankingsâ€"it needs context. For example, a long tail of the keyword “blogging” could be “blogging tips and tricks.” But many beginner bloggers add the same phrase too much, or force keywords in at the expense of articles reading naturally. Instead, use synonyms and related terms.7. Stick to a tight niche as a ruleGood for your readers and search enginesJumping between unrelated niches not only confuses your audience (who are then unlikely to stick around) but it also confuse s Google, for it won’t know what you’re an authority on. Later you can branch out into related niches, but stay laser focused at first.8. Know your blogs audienceWhat does your audience like?Whatever it is, do more of it. You can use insights and analytics to get a feel for the demographics of your audience, what topics and content styles they prefer and interact with. From here you can set yourself some blogging guidelines to keep yourself on track.9. Don’t overdo ‘money posts’Penalized by Google?If its blatantly obvious that youre just in it for the money, Google may bring down the hammer. Aim for a ratio of 30% monetized, 70% informational.Say goodbye to your audienceIt’ll just be seen as spammy content and, of course, your audience may believe that you only care about money, not them. In order to sell effectively, you need to add value first.10. Don’t choose a free platformOne of the biggest and best beginners blogging tips for business related sites: You really, R EALLY don’t want to start a blog on the free blogging platforms!Not professionalFree blogging platforms just seem to say “cheap.” Paid-for blogging platforms, such as WordPress, are inexpensive and are much more customizable.OwnershipYou will also own it and thus it cant be taken away from you! Combine this with an email list and you have a powerful combination of owned assets and a greater chance to make money online.Tough to monetizeThe level of monetization on a free blogging platform is limited, or non-existent. Some won’t even let you monetize through Google AdSense. With your own website, you can use any and all of the monetization methods that are available, start your own courses or classes, run workshops or sell digital products. Do whatever you like!These blogging tips for beginners should get you started on the right foot. The key is to study blogging strategies, be authentic and make sure you know why you’re building your site in the first place.Of course, nobo dy will become an overnight expert by reading this list of 10 beginners blogging commandments, but with a little research and some time and effort, everything else should start to fall into place.Good luck on your blogging journey! Resourceshttps://www.boostability.com/site-architecture-creating-a-structure-that-thrives/https://nightwatch.io/blog/long-tail-keywordshttps://longtailpro.com/how-to-do-keyword-research/https://curatti.com/blogging-business-sales/https://www.impactbnd.com/blog/long-form-content-vs.-short-form-contenthttps://mollyhostudio.com/blog/how-often-should-you-be-posting-on-your-bloghttps://www.humanproofdesigns.com/info-to-money-content/https://pickledplum.com/best-blogging-platform-make-money-online/ How to write a blog post Free images for blogs

Higher Education Case Study Weston University - 1497 Words

Weston University Case Summary The new president of Weston University, Dr. Diana Ball, took over in late 1995, succeeding Dr. Harold Powers. Dr. Powers led the prestigious private university for fifteen years from a human resource frame to tailor the organization to individuals (Bolman Deal, 2013, p. 16). Moreover, during Dr. Powers tenure, the reputation of once-leading private university in the Midwest diminished. Dr. Powers reputation as a scholar gained him the presidency; however, his leadership abilities fell short in dealing with the faculty. Westons board outlined the skills needed, which included both academic standing and business acumen, for their new president to restore Weston Universitys reputation and lead the†¦show more content†¦The faculty is entrenched in their ways, and change causes ambiguity and uncertainty. Moreover, the faculty in the organization feel uncertain about the new concepts presented by Dr. Ball to the deans altering their salaries and evaluations (Bolma n Deal, 2013, p. 31). The proposed changes create competition and unrest among the faculty and will shatter the business-as-usual campus conduct and job security. The deans and faculty are grasping at the symbolic frame, defending their beloved academic lifestyle (Bolman Deal, 2013, p. 248). The secondary problem in this case is support from the deans of the incentive program that will restore Weston University prestigious reputation as set by the board and developed by the president. Stakeholders The stakeholders involved are the board of Weston, new president, deans and faculty. The boards stake in the new president is by taking a risk on her ability to achieve the goal of rebuilding Westons reputation. Next, Dr. Balls confidence lies within the board, and rejecting her incentive program will endanger her leadership status. Dr. Balls stakes are high using the Kotters change strategy is risky, sticking to the process and refusing to quit (Bolman Deal, 2013, p. 390). Furthermore, if the incentive program is rejected, Dr. Ball will lose her creditability before the deans and faculty and her ability to lead the college. The deans and faculty risk losing their beloved way of academic life and job security.Show MoreRelatedThe Case Of Brown V. Board Of Education1813 Words   |  8 Pagesdiscriminatory hiring practices (Week) and on May 17, 1954 the U.S. Supreme Court overturned the provisions of Plessy v. Ferguson, which allowed for â€Å"separate but equal† public facili ties, including public schools. The unanimous decision in the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas declared that â€Å"separate educational facilities are inherently unequal† thus ending federal tolerance of racial segregation and igniting the beginning of the civil rights movement (Foner and Garraty). President JohnRead MoreSingapore, Hong Kong, London And Frankfurt As An Rmb Hub2518 Words   |  11 Pagesalliance with China may challenge the Australia-US relationship. I will propose ways to better understand how these challenges can be overcome. I will suggest that education is vital to cultivate an understanding of the Asian region’s geopolitics in the 21st century. I will look beyond the relationship between China and Australia as a simple case of trade forever skewed, Australian influence forever dependent and Chinese interests forever prevailing. 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This learning log seeks to address the role that health education and promotion can help patients to take more responsibility for their own health. Aside from health promotion, nurses and others in the care industry have to understand and adopt certain care approachesRead MoreThe Weak-Form Efficiency of The GCC Markets7323 Words   |  30 Pagesnormal distribution. Again, based on runs test for randomness, we find that the hypothesis pertaining to random walk and weak-form efficiency of the GCC markets is rejected for all the seven ma rkets during the study period. This conclusion corroborates with the conclusions of the past studies carried out in GCC context and the developing and underdeveloped markets. The paper reiterates the need for an integrated GCC Stock market. The results and suggestions have wider implications for security analystsRead MoreHomosexuality and University Press5666 Words   |  23 Pagesqueer or LGBT studies (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender to which sometimes are added QQI: Queer, Questioning and Intersexual). The field is far removed from traditional sexology that has its base in psychology, medicine and biology, and is closely linked to what once were called minority (black and women’s) studies and now gender studies. Most of the disciplines involved belong to the humanities and social sciences: language and literature, history, cultural and communication studies, sociologyRead MoreThe experience of inter professional collaboration in an area of practice3218 Words   |  13 Pagesinter-professional collaboration in your area of clinical practice For the purpose of this essay, the importance of interprofessional working (IPW) in effective patient care will be discussed, along with the challenges and constraints. A patient case study will be used for example purposes; all names and places will be changed in line with Nursing Midwifery Council (NMC, 2008) guidelines. According to The British Medical Association (2005), interprofessional collaboration is loosely defined as professionalsRead MoreReport On Agriculture And Natural Resources2389 Words   |  10 PagesIMPROVED COOKSTOVES IN MALAWI Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources August, 2014 Contents Contents 2 Acronyms and abbreviations 2 Executive Summary 4 1. Introduction 5 1.1. Use of biomass in Sub-Saharan Africa 5 1.2. Use of biomass in Malawi 6 1.3. Energy Conservation Projects in Malawi 7 1.3.1 Improved Stove Design: Energy Studies Unit 7 1.3.2 GTZ Projects 7 1.3.3 Blantyre Fuelwood Project 8 1.3.4 MBAULA Network 8 1.4. Studies on improved biomass cooking stoves in MalawiRead MoreRacism and Its Affects4803 Words   |  20 Pagespaper with solutions and ideas to improve our communities and our society as a whole. Racism Defined Racism is defined as a system of advantage based on race (Tatum 1997). In America whites have control over resources such as jobs and education. This gives them the power to be racists toward others. Because people of color do not have this power, they are not able to be racist towards whites. Many whites would not consider themselves as racist, but there are different forms ofRead MoreImpact of Rewards on Employee Performance in Banking Sector9390 Words   |  38 PagesDepartment of business administration Superior University Lahore Supervisor: Prof. Muhammad Ilyas Submitted By: Usman-bin Khalid Roll No: 6138 BBA (hons) 2005-2009 Department of business administration Superior University Lahore [pic] Thesis Title: â€Å"Impact of rewards on employee performance in banking sector† Research By: Usman Bin Khalid Research Supervisor: Prof. Muhammad Ilyas Department of business administration Superior University Lahore Impact of rewards on employee performance

Death of a Salesman Analysis - 675 Words

November 10, 2012 English P5 Death of a Salesman Essay Like Father Like Son In Arthur Miller’s play, Death of a Salesman, Miller reveals what happens when a dream, especially the American dream, dies, as seen through the life of Willy Loman, a pathetic, self-deluded salesman. The play follows the family through painful conflicts, significant issues such as national values, and the price of blind fate while working toward the ‘American Dream’. The major problem woven into the plot discusses how Willy, insufficiently, attempts to be able to die ‘the death of a salesman’, both wealthy and comfortable. In this play, the American character is criticized because the play emphasizes how children are a result of their parents modeling by†¦show more content†¦People can learn from the mistakes of fictional characters to idealize their own lives. This play teaches the readers to respect core values by showcasing the state of a dysfunctionalShow MoreRelatedDeath Of A Salesman Analysis914 Words   |  4 PagesLies of a Salesma n (Movie Analysis of Death of a Salesman produced by Robert F. Colesberry) To be dysfunctional is to not operate accordly to normal in a negative way. Death of a Salesman produced by Robert F. Colesberry is a movie based on a play Death of a salesman written by Arthur Miller. The Loman family in the movie is a dysfunctional family, which is clearly show in many scenes,The mother and the father Willy and Linda Lowman. Willy a salesman in the field for over 30 years. The have kidsRead MoreAnalysis Of Death Of A Salesman 900 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Essay In Arthur Millers â€Å"Death of a salesman† we encounter an on-going feud between salesman Willy Loman and his son Biff Loman. In Willy’s eyes the key to gaining success in life is to be well liked, attractive and having a great personality, he is convinced if you have all these traits it guarantees you success and that you could outrun those with qualifications in terms of being employed. Willy bestows this theory of his onto his sons Biff and Happy during their teenage years. DuringRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman Analysis1351 Words   |  6 PagesIn Arthur Miller’s, Death of a Salesman, Biff Loman confesses the following to his brother, Happy: â€Å"I don’t know—what I’m supposed to want† (22). Biff is expressing his internal struggle between wanting to live up to his father’s expectations and his desire to pursue what he really wants-- to be outdoors. Biff is conflicted and views himself as a failure for not achieving his father’s image of success. At the end of the play, Biff realizes that in order for him to be truly successful he has to stopRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman Symbolism Analysis1145 Words   |  5 PagesSymbols in â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller Symbolism, as defined by Oxford Dictionary, is the â€Å"use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities.† Throughout the play Death of a Salesman, by Arthur Miller, he uses symbols to represent a greater idea and to say more than what is actually being said. Through the use of silk stockings, a rubber hose, and the flute music that drifts through the play, Miller demonstrates the power that these items have over the Loman family. One reoccurring symbolRead MoreAnalysis Of The Play Death Of A Salesman 954 Words   |  4 Pages Darrian Dowden AP English IV Death of a Salesman Written Assignment Death of a Salesman Character Analysis 1.Willy Loman. Although the main protagonist of the play, Willy Loman does not come to a certain self-realization. Searching and sifting through his memories (which cannot be completely taken as the truth as he reinvents them in a way to make them out as a golden era) he fails to recognize his slanted reality he’s lived in made up of his delusions. His forged relationship withRead MoreDeath of a Salesman Analysis Essay2107 Words   |  9 Pagesfamily; however, there has been much debate over whether or not the American dream is still obtainable in modern society. One piece of American literature that substantiates the fact that the American Dream can not be gotten is Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman which describes the tragedy of the average person in America. A number of other writers also draw the inability to capture the American Dream. John Steinbeck demonstrates in his highly acclaimed novel The Grapes of Wrath how hard economic timesRead MoreAnalysis of the Ending of De ath of a Salesman1261 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of the Ending of Death of a Salesman The play Death of a Salesman shows the final demise of Willy Loman, a sixty- year-old salesman in the America of the 1940s, who has deluded himself all his life about being a big success in the business world. It also portrays his wife Linda, who plays along nicely with his lies and tells him what he wants to hear, out of compassion. The book describes the last day of his life, but there are frequent flashbacks in which Willy relives key eventsRead MoreAnalysis Of Death Of A Salesman 1859 Words   |  8 PagesIn â€Å"Death of a Salesman†, Willy and his family live in post-war Brooklyn, where America was enjoying a state of economic prosperity. In an attempt to shield Americans from the influences of communist ideals, Americans felt that financial success supported a capitalist society. The American dream is the belief that any American citizen can achieve their dreams if they are hard working, even those who are destitute. This idea of equality is criticized by both of the texts I will be comparing. In thisRead MoreAnalysis of Biff in Death of a Salesman Essay1584 Words   |  7 PagesCamilla Tanzi Year 12 An analysis of the character of Biff. Biff Loman is portrayed as the root of Willy’s mental illness and instability. He is also the only member of his family who acknowledges his own failures in life. On the whole, Biff Loman stands out as the most intriguing and strong character in â€Å"Death of a Salesman. He is not a successful man and never will be, he is however able to admit this, even in a harsh society as the one of the 1960s America. Biff knows he is a â€Å"nothing† andRead MoreA Detailed Analysis of Death of a Salesman1199 Words   |  5 PagesLook at Death of a Salesman Death of a Salesman has been accepted worldwide as one of the greatest American dramas to premier in theatre. The story behind the play is based on Miller’s interactions with his Uncle, a salesman whose efforts to obtain the â€Å"American Dream† and pass his success on to his two sons becomes his main focus. Miller’s life during the preparation of Death of a Salesman provides the spark and inspiration needed to pen a literary classic. Almost five decades later, Death of a Salesman’s

Scientific Theories Are Objectively Justified - 2001 Words

Scientific theories are objectively justified (Couvalis, 1997) and scientists are seen as being able to gather and interpret evidence that can be concluded as scientifically proven (Ladyman, 2002). In the majority of areas in modern society, including justice, health and safety, scientific evidence is heavily relied upon (Ladyman, 2002). However, there are certain principles that are required for a theory to be scientific. For example, it must be justified by observation permeated by theories (Couvalis, 1997). In other words, it must be theory-laden. Moreover, scientific theories contain generalisations and one method for justifying statements with full confidence on the basis of other statements is deductive reasoning (Couvalis, 1997).†¦show more content†¦This will be considered throughout this essay with regards to the topics of addiction, genocide and expressed emotion in family communication. Rassool (2011) defines addiction as â€Å"any behaviour, activity, substance, object or thing that has taken control of an individual’s life-style, that is causing harm to the individual and family† (p4). The majority of us are exposed to a range of addictive behaviours that impact on individuals and families across socio-economic and cultural areas, and it has been argued that we now live in an addictive society (Rassool, 2011). Addiction is useful in enhancing our scientific understanding of human behaviour due to its classification via the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5th edition (DSM-5), which is the standard classification of mental disorders. It is used for clinical, research and policy purposes and has a large influence on the diagnosis and treatments of disorders across many countries (Hasin et al, 2013). Another way in which addiction can be measured is using the Dependence Syndrome. According to Edwards and Ross (1976), elements of the syndrome include; i ncreased tolerance to alcohol, avoidance of withdrawal symptoms, compulsion to drink, and rapid relapse after abstinence. These measurements of addiction aid our scientific understanding of human behaviour because they allow for a more reliable and valid diagnosis, consequently impacting treatment and thus, enhancing psychologists’

Presentation free essay sample

Materials used for frameworks Timber replayed Plastic Forms Aluminum forms Steel frameworks TIMBER It should The timber FORMS bearing durable used and for framework treatable must satisfy the following requirements Advantages of using timber forms: It is economical for small construction jobs It is design flexible and easy to erect It can easily be made into any shape or size ALUMINUM The framework turns out to As the strength of aluminum be economical if large in handling, tension and numbers of reuses are made compression is less than the in construction. Renege of steel, it is necessary to use large sections. Their lower density, aluminum The major disadvantage of aluminum forms is that no forms are lighter than steel forms, changes can be made once and this is their primary the framework is fabricated. Advantage when compared to steel Forms made from aluminum are in many respects similar to those made of steel Plastic Frameworks These forms have become increasingly popular for casting unique shapes and patterns being designed in concrete because of the excellent finish obtained requiring minimum or no surface treatment and repairs. We will write a custom essay sample on Presentation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Different types of plastic forms are available like glass reinforced plastic, fiber reinforced plastic and thermoplastics etc Fiberglass-reinforced plastic is has several advantages such as sections can be joined on the job site in such a way so as to eliminate joints, there is no size limitation ;The material allows greater freedom of design ;Unusual textures and designs can be molded into the form lightweight and easily stripped The disadvantage Of using plastic forms is that it does not lend itself to field fabrication Hence, the design and planning of this form must be carefully aired out.Also care must take not to damage the plastic by the heat applied for accelerated curing of the concrete. Trough and waffle units in fiberglass are used in construction of large floor areas and multistoried office buildings. STEEL FRAMEWORK Mostly used in large construction projects or in situations where large number of re-uses of the same shuttering is possible. Suitable for circular or curved shaped structures such as tanks, columns, chimneys. Etc. for structures like sewer tunnel and retaining wall.Strong, durable have longer life Reuses can be assumed o vary from 100 to 120 and timber varies from 10th 12. Steel can be installed dismantled with greater ease speed resulting in saving in labor cost No danger of framework absorbing water from the con. hence minimizing honeycombing TYPES OF FRAMEWORK TRADITIONAL FRAMEWORK This usually consists of standard framed panels tied together over their backs with horizontal members called waling. C] One side of the wall framework is first assembled ensuring that it is correctly aligned, plumbed and strutted.C] The steel reinforcement cage is then placed and positioned before the there side of the framework is erected and fixed. [Plywood sheet in combination with timber is the most common material used for wall framework. 0 The usual method is to make up wall forms as framed panels with the ply. Nod facing sheet screwed on to studs on a timber frame. This allows for the plywood to be easily removed and reversed and used on both sides so as to increase the number of reuses..CLIMBING FRAMEWORK Method of casting walls consists of a climbing framework, the climbing of which may be manual or crane assisted. These forms are widely used in the construction of industrial chimneys, silos, gig rise towers building cores, bridge piers pylons, airport control towers, telecommunication, towers etc. Advantages: 0 Staged construction process allows balance of site resources. 0 Anchor accessories can be reused after each pour, reducing material costs on current and future construction programs.L] In case of trolley mounted framework, the panel retracts from the face, providing space for cleaning and fixing of concrete. C] Framework access platforms lifted as one, minimizing crane support, reducing labor and material costs. C] laterally. SLIDING FRAMEWORK OR CHLOROFORMING Slip form means a continuously moving form, moving with such a speed that concrete when exposed has already achieved enough strength to support the vertical pressure from concrete still in the form as well as to withstand lateral pressure caused by wind Etc Advantages .C] Minimum consumption of timber and steel plates. L] Total elimination of traditional scaffolding CLC Minimum requirements of carpenters for assembling. C] The concrete surfaces can be treated and finished while concrete is green, O The procedure of continuous slipping is applied to making both inner and utter walls as well as columns Of a building. PERMANENT FRAMEWORK Permanent form or stay-in-place framework is one in which the form is left as an integral part of the structure: CLC Utilized as the facing materials of in situ reinforced concrete.

Kfc Inventory and Process Management Essay Example

Kfc Inventory and Process Management Essay Manipal Institute Of Management, Manipal| OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT| KFC Inventory And Process Management| | | Group 7 Section B| Roll No. | Name| Signature| 121202070| Niranjan N Naik| | 121202081| Binay Kumar Sahoo| | 121202031| Ribu Roby| | 121202050| Julian Joel Roche| | 121202120| Dhanush Patel| | 121202122| Suraj Pereira| | | | Submitted to: Yogesh Pai Date: 16/03/2013 Contents INTRODUCTION1 Logistics1 Inventory Storage2 PROCESS3 Cleaning4 Disposal5 Conclusion5 INTRODUCTION KFC Corporation is based in Louisville, Kentucky, and is the worlds most popular chicken restaurant chain. KFC and its franchised employees are more than 200 thousand, all over the world. It is the world’s largest and most well known  fast food restaurant preferably known as chicken restautants. Their restaurants are served in 109 countries and territories around the world. The study is done on a fast food restaurant and the analysis done on inventory management and process in kitchen. The study is restricted to KFC utlet present in Manipal. The purpose of the study was to understand the process of the organization and with the completion of this project we have learned that how operations Management Strategies plays very important role in achieving an organizational goals. The restaurant follows Just In Time (JIT) and First In First Out (FIFO) to manage inventory. Inventory, is divided into three types consisting of Daily, Weekly and Monthly inventory. The daily inventory c onsists fast moving products like Krushers, Non-veg items, ice-creams. We will write a custom essay sample on Kfc Inventory and Process Management specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Kfc Inventory and Process Management specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Kfc Inventory and Process Management specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Here the orders are placed by the inventory department every night after the restaurant closes for customers. The requirement sheets are filled inorder to place the order and products are moved from inventory. The weekly inventory consists of Dry storage items like disposal plates ; equipments and recipes needed to cook. The requirement sheet is filled while placing order which is placed every Thursday and the products reach the outlet to the max by Monday or Tuesday. The monthly inventory consists of detailed stock verification of the items present in the store and the products disposed off due too non consumption on reaching the standard time are also recorded. The update of stock verification is done via website and once updated its final and no changes can be done by the staff, if in case there are changes they call up the head quarters and make the necessary changes. Logistics The products/goods are transported from Bangalore warehouse via road transport. The outlet does not purchase from any other local dealers for any items. In regular process, the truck reaches the outlet on Monday or Tuesday between 9am to 11am. Before moving the products to storage the 3stage process is followed, at first the temperature is measured which should be between (-18oC to -23oC) , then expiry date of the product is verified and at last the quality of the product is checked via Tell-Through machine. At any point of the this 3steps any one step is not upto the standards the products are sent back to warehouse. In case of urgent stock from the time they place they take 2days to get the stock via courier. Inventory Storage KFC implements different storage for different products consisting of dry storage, cold storage (frozen) for non-veg items, chill storage and cold storage for veg products. Dry storage consists of items like cleaning products, Disposable plates spoons towels, recipes etc. The products are stored at room temperature. Cold storage consists of veg products, cold drinks, water etc stored at temperature (-1oC to -4oC). Cold storage fr non- veg products are stored at temperature (-180C to -23oC) wher the product validity is 6months. Older batches are placed at the front. Items are placed in simple rack system and fast moving items are placed in a such manner that they are easily accessible. The products are moved in FIFO method. Chiller storage are stored in temperature of (-1oC to -40C). It’s a non-veg defrosting room. Stores fresh product and frozen product (for thawing) is placed here. Frozen product once taken out of freezer cannot be returned (expire time 12 hours). Items are placed in rack system placed along with time tag placed with it. PROCESS Here the items are moved from cold storage to the chiller are placed for thawing and defrosting with room temperature of (-1oC to -4oC). Frozen product once taken out of freezer to chiller cannot be placed back. Once the duration of 12 hours are done items/ packets are removed out and goes to the cleaning process. The duration of cleaning depends from staff to staff usually on an average 5-10 minutes are needed. After the items are cleaned, it is placed in an Marinator where basic masalas are mixed. The machine takes 10minutes and makes 300 rotations. Once the items are marinated there is a need for the products to absorb the masala so they are kept for absorption in a process called Ageing which takes 2 hours. After that the products need to get a layer for themselves so they pass through a process of Breading. On the basis of requirement cooking is done. Cooking consists of 3 types: Grilled, Fried and Baked. The duration of items which are grilled is 45 minutes from the time it is ready. Fried and Baked items duration is 2 hours from the time it is ready. Grilled and baked items are cooked in an micro oven called â€Å"Convotherm†. After that the products are placed in an oil dry machine which absorbs oil from the dishes which takes time duration of 1 – 2 minutes. At last the prepared items are moved to display rack where they are placed in tray along with an tag which determines the time and life span of the item. There is a time keeper who keeps record of the duration and expiry of products. If any of the products are not consumed till the expiry of duration there is an step is taken to dispose of those food items as wastage. The disposal items are recorded and then disposed. Its bee said to us that for every 1 lakh worth inventory, company sets a standard of Rs. 1000 diposal waste as free as there are every chance of wastage at any point of time by human error. If at all the limit exceeds Rs. 000 there is a need to record it and report it to the demand manager and also be mentioned in the monthly inventory. As far as our study we found out that there is an wastage of 6000-7000 for RS. 1,00,000 inventory. In order to reduce the wastage and disposing items which at present is an complete waste in point of cost, the outlet can make some announ cements when the food items are near to their expiry stating buy this particular food product in matter of 15minutes and get discount of certain percent as discount so that they could reduce the wastage and incur certain percentage as profit instead of waste. Customer happiness is our happiness and any customer should not leave the outlet unsatisfied†. Items like Krushers and ice creams are prepared on demand. The standard time once an customer places an order, the food needs to be delivered in 1 minute. At present in the outlet they take 5-6 minutes on an average to deliver the order. If at any point of time the food ordered by customer is not prepared or is in process the staff needs to deliver the food in time of 15minutes, if they fail to do so they should take every possible measures are to be taken to keep the customer happy. Steps like providing chocolates to customers or a sweet smile or providing free items as complimentary etc is done. During the crowded hours there is an need to have 1 helper each for 3 cashiers, 2 people working on juice and ice cream section so that they can work effectively and reduce the waiting time and keep the customers more satisfied. Cleaning Concealed drainage are placed on floor for easier cleaning. When it comes to cleaning of vessels, they follow 3 steps. First the vessels are washed with chemical water and then Sanitized with hot water with temperature of (32oC to 38oC) and at last they are Rinsed with normal and kept to dry. At present the cleaning area has only one entrance and the order of steps are chemical wash, rinse and sanitize there is an need to change this by having two entrance for cleaning area and order in sequential order of chemical wash sanitize and rinse. This will reduce the matter of plates falling from hand and causing damage while shifting from chemical wash to sanitize. Disposal Each counter has a separate disposal bin. All disposal collected in one disposal unit. Disposal bag is then taken to public disposal area behind the restaurant to be collected by municipal. Conclusion From a simple idea, and simple adventure, Harland Sandards started his dream, that had been grown and became one of the most popular restaurant among the world. Goodwill image, Loyalty, Spread, are 3 of the most important indicators of KFC popularity. Efficirnt utilization of space and all resource has reduced their expense.

This essay is about the life of Alexander the Great.

This essay is about the life of Alexander the Great. Alexander the Great's relation to triumph is obvious; he created an army which took over most of the known world. But what is not known widely is how tragic his life was. I cannot do full justice to his life but I will do my best to describe it.When Alexander was a child his parents were constantly fighting and his father was usually away on campaigns, so he rarely saw him when he was young. He therefore was usually under his mother's influence.When he was a young man his father was killed and he had to take over an entire country by himself which was in very bad shape. As he grew he had to deal with disputes, revolts and cruel neighboring rivals.When he was a grown man he killed many people, including some of his friends while in a drunken rage who had saved his life.Alexander Muir Public School, Toronto, 1902 [OHQ-P...At one point in his life he killed a life long friend while drunk and then realizing what he had done would have killed himself if his bodyguards had not restrained h im. He then went into seclusion for three days.This is most likely just a small number of things that shaped Alexander the Great's life and it is likely some of the memories tormented him through most of his life. Most of Alexander's life was one big problem after another. I personally think it would have been hard to live with the blood of so many friends deaths on my hands, but maybe he could.Apart from the immense increase of international trade and the fraternization of many nations, what were the results, temporary and enduring, of the career of this great man? Of supreme and lasting importance to the world was the extension of Greek culture; secondly, a...

Education to Children of Illegal Immigrants Essay

Education to Children of Illegal Immigrants - Essay Example At the height of immigration to North America, the country coined the title â€Å"land of opportunity.† Denying free education to children of illegal immigrants defies the American dream and the hopes that people had for the new country (Schrag, 2010). Free education for all was the main factor that differentiated America from other European nations. American progress and development was based on the government’s ability to create uniformity among its citizens through free education for all. The American legal system recognizes a child as a person who is below the age of 18 years. Such individuals are not entitled to voting or making major decisions concerning their life. In addition, the US is a leading nation in terms of respect for human rights. It is evident that most children are illegal immigrants out of their own choice. Most of the children were born when their parents had already immigrated to the country. Thus, these children cannot be identified as illegal im migrants since they did not make a choice to be in the country. The government should respect their rights to free education until they are old enough to make concrete decisions about their citizenship. The American government should consider the long-term impacts of denying free education to the immigrants. Obviously, most immigrants have hopes of becoming legal citizens of the United States. If the government continuously denies education to its citizens based on their migration status, the country will experience an education gap (Hing, 2004). Education is a major factor in the country’s development, and hence the country should not tolerate illiteracy. Denying education to such children will create long-term economic hardships for the country. Educating children prevents them from... The American government should consider the long-term impacts of denying free education to the immigrants. Obviously, most immigrants have hopes of becoming legal citizens of the United States. If the government continuously denies education to its citizens based on their migration status, the country will experience an education gap (Hing, 2004). Education is a major factor in the country’s development, and hence the country should not tolerate illiteracy. Denying education to such children will create long-term economic hardships for the country. Educating children prevents them from engaging in other social evils such as crime, drug abuse, and terrorism. Therefore, the government should provide free education to the children of illegal immigrants to promote their integration into the American society.America has a global obligation that goes beyond its domestic affairs. However, due to economic constraints, America often overlooks its global obligations. America’s in volvement in global politics and economics has made the country a key factor in promoting stability and development. Since the end of World War II, the United States has been involved in all conflicts around the world. Most of these conflicts create immigrants, most of whom end up in America. For instance, the Cold War forced many people from former Soviet states to immigrate to America for fear of persecution. Lack of proper immigration policies made most of the immigrants end up in America as illegal immigrants.

Living with in-laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Living with in-laws - Essay Example Land is very reasonable right now and we had found several potential locations from looking online in the county where my mother lives. It’s a peaceful place where simple people can get away from the pressure of living in the fast paced, automated work world. There were plenty of places nearby that weren’t polluted; we could still go fishing, camping, and enjoy nature. What a sweet deal! There was no reason to stay in North Carolina as being near my wife’s family had always proved to be more of a stressor than helpful. Her family has some serious issues with backwoods ignorance and just plain meanness that made wanting to leave look like the next best thing to oxygen. They argue and bicker continuously; that is when they are still speaking to each other. Besides, we had never lived near my mother; I missed the closeness we had shared in my youth. She has always been a good mom to me; supporting every effort I made to grow and develop myself along the journey. Now that she’s facing her senior years, and is alone, I felt it would be wonderful to be close by in case she needs some support. About two months after I left for Missouri, my wife called one day, crying, and told me that her mother was ill. Apparently she had developed heart problems; I’m sure it had nothing to do with all the pork and lard biscuits she eats, and cigarettes she smokes. Make no mistake about it, mountain women are just plain work. I missed my wife; there was no way I wanted to stay in Missouri and let her stay in North Carolina for any extended length of time by herself, especially not at the mercy of her family. This was our dream and I just couldn’t get excited about it with her missing from the picture. As much as it killed me, I stopped everything and came back to North Carolina to support my wife in dealing with her family. My wife took her mother to the

Chemiluminescence and Bioluminescence in Nature

Chemiluminescence and Bioluminescence in Nature Bioluminescence is a scientific phenomenon that is complex in character because luminous organisms possess unique light-producing chemical reactions and have varied methods of controlling light. Luminous organisms do not fall under order of animals but are unevenly distributed across multiple animal orders. Furthermore, luminous organisms are often adapted to specialized environments and can be difficult to physically research. This paper will cover the background of bioluminescence, luminous reactions and their regulators, and the practical applications of knowledge in this field. The purpose of the research is to gain an adequate understanding of chemiluminescence in nature in order to predict the nature of future research and gauge its potential in the modern world. Research for this paper was accomplished through the reviewing of published scientific papers and literature on the subject. Some of the results reached include that bioluminescence is different in terrestrial and aqua tic organisms and that a wide range of techniques are used to moderate light in both habitats. The conclusions that have been reached are that research of bioluminescence will surely accelerate and that further research of bioluminescence has potential in the areas of evolutionary biology, lighting technology, and medicine. Introduction When Christopher Columbus embarked on his voyage in 1492, he had to overcome many strong prejudices rooted in European folklore. Tales of sea monsters have captured the minds of Europeans for centuries, and Columbus was utterly mesmerized when the waters surrounding his ship began to shine. The alluring glow of bioluminescent organisms has continued to perplex humans all the way through modern times. Although science has illuminated the surprisingly dark realm of bioluminescence, further research is still required. This paper will cover the background, reactions, and uses of this complex, yet common phenomenon to determine the nature of future research and its applicability in other areas of science. HISTORY During the seventeenth century, the English physicist Robert Boyle conducted an important experiment concerning bioluminescence. Robert Boyle encased a piece of glowing wood within a glass bell and then proceeded to suck the air out the enclosure. As he took out the air, he observed that the glowing of the wood grew fainter and eventually was extinguished completely (Simon 114). This was scientific experiment demonstrated a principle concept of bioluminescence: oxygen plays a key role in luminous reactions. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, the French physiologist Dubois began to research luminous organisms in his marine laboratory. His major contribution was his experiment involving the Pholas clams. In his experiment, Dubois prepared two different solutions of clam juice. For the first solution, he mixed the clam juice with cool water and observed it glow for a while before it faded. He then mixed clam juice with hot water, but this solution failed to produce any light at all. In a stroke of genius, he decided to mix the two nonluminous solutions together. As soon as they were combined, the bluish light characteristic of the Pholas shone forth once again. This led Dubois to assume that in the cold solution, one substance was exhausted after luminescence and that in the hot solution, a different substance was destroyed. Thus, Dubois concluded that the unknown substance destroyed by the hot water was almost certainly an enzyme. An enzyme is an organic catalyst. Dubois identified that bioluminescence required an oxidizable substrate, an enzyme, and oxygen. He named the substrate luciferin and the enzyme luciferase (Simon 116). This major advancement was the stepping-stone into future research on this perplexing phenomenon. FUNCTION Although terrestrial habitats seem to be devoid of bacterial modes of light-production, there are a few cases of bacterial luminescence on land. Many supposed bioluminescent organisms such as mole crickets do not produce light themselves, but have turned out to be infected with parasitic forms of luminous bacteria. Luminous bacteria multiply within the hemolymph of arthropods (which is analogous to human blood cells). The infected creatures end up eventually end up dying (Nealson and Hasting 508). For example, the luminous bacteria X. luminescens live in the gut of a certain nematode belonging to the genus Heterorhabditis. Farmers greatly value nematodes because these un-segmented roundworms parasitize pest insects. The Heterorhabditis nematode enters the body of a host caterpillar through orifices like spiracles or the mouth. Once inside the caterpillars body, the nematode will proceed to penetrate the caterpillars hemocoel, the area containing hemolymph. When in contact with the he molymph, the nematode will then release its fertilized eggs along with the bacteria X. luminescens. The bacteria then multiply and produce extracellular chitinase and lipases that the nematode uses to complete the its life cycle. X. luminescens also produces antibiotics that arrests the growth of bacteria that would otherwise outcompete it and also prevents the caterpillar from putrefying (Havens 1). It is interesting to note that the bacteria only glow while in the hemolymph of the caterpillar, but not inside the nematodes themselves. This land bacterium uses a biochemical reaction very similar to its marine counterparts. The overall general reaction is the same: the flavin-mononucleotide and long-chain aldehyde (fatty aldehyde) are oxidized in the presence of luciferase to produce water and light. FMNH2 + RCHO + O2 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ FMN + H2O + RCOOH + Light (Havens 1). FUNCTION The most important luminous bacteria are the commensal forms that thrive inside the gut tracts of marine animals. Its not unusual to find 5ÃÆ'-106 to 5ÃÆ'-107 colony-forming units of luminous bacteria per meter of intestinal surface (Nealson and Hastings 508). Colony-forming units are used in the area of microbiology to express quantities of viable bacteria capable of forming colonies or clusters visible to the human eye. This relationship between the bacteria and the host organisms seems to be commensal because luminous bacteria produce the enzyme chitinase, thereby benefiting their host if they eat marine crustaceans (a regular staple of marine diet). However, studies of the senorita fish Oxyjulis californica, the blacksmith fish Chrormis puntipinnis, and the half-naked hatchetfish Argyropelecus hemigymnus show that the occurrence of each fish was connected with the species composition of the planktonic luminous bacteria population (Nealson and Hastings 508). Fecal pellets were l uminescent and contained colony-forming units of luminous bacteria. Similarly, luminous fecal pellets have been reported from the Antarctic cod and a species of midwater shrimp (Nealson and Hastings 508). Because the fecal pellets of these marine animals contain viable bacteria populations, it is possible that luminous bacteria mutually benefit through unintentional propagation by their host organisms. Historical accounts from 19th century battlefield hospitals have shown that luminous bacteria in the open wounds of soldiers were considered to be a sign of healing (Nealson and Hastings 507). It is interesting to note that Xenorhabdus is known to produce antibiotics (Nealson and Hastings 508). TYPES Bioluminescence can be divided into two subcategories: terrestrial forms and aquatic forms. Terrestrial forms of bioluminescence are sparse and restricted to insects and their relatives. Beetles in particular have unique chemical reactions. Non-insect relatives include certain centipedes. Luminous centipedes are unique in that they secrete luminous slime (Simon 57). Land is largely devoid of luminous animals that utilize bacterial forms of light production. Luminous land animals are usually found in humid, heavily forested environments. Contrarily, luminous bacteria dominate the majority of aquatic environments. Luminous bacteria even thrive in arctic waters. Luminous bacteria can exist as free-living bacteria, saprophytes, and as symbionts in relationships with various marine animals. Luminous bacteria in their free-living forms are regularly present in seawater. Recent studies give further insights on luminous bacteria demography. A sampling of the waters off the coast of San Diego, California showed that Beneckea were common in the winter while P. fischeri was prevalent during the summer (Nealson and Hastings 505). A study of luminous bacteria depth distribution demonstrated that P. phosphoreum were most abundant in the midwater layer of the open ocean. Saprophytic forms of bacteria are also extremely common. These forms of luminous bacteria are quite common and live on the surfaces of dead organic material. In fact, researchers often swab the outer surface of freshly killed fish or squid to start a culture of luminous bacteria. BACTERIA REACTION As opposed to most terrestrial forms of bioluminescence, bacterial bioluminescence is the dominant form in marine habitats. Currently, six species of marine luminous bacteria belonging to the genera of Photobacterium and Beneckea have been identified. There is one species of freshwater luminous bacteria (Vibrio). Like all forms of bioluminescence known to man, light of bacterial origin involves a luciferin-luciferase reaction. Luminous bacteria generate light through the luciferase-catalyzed oxidation of the substrate flavin-mononucleotide (FMNH2) with the associated oxidation of a long-chain aldehyde. What is unique about this reaction is that it is very slow; it takes ten seconds for a single luciferase cycle to occur, making it one of the slowest enzymes (Nealson and Hastings 497). Luciferases from various luminous bacteria have been isolated; although they all share high specifity for flavin-mononucleotide and long-aldehyde, the luciferase of Photobacteria exhibits fast decay whi le that of Benecka exhibits slow decay. Recent amino acid sequencing of P. fischeri and B. harveyi support the theory that the luciferases of these two species evolved from the same monomer. Bacterial luminescence has high oxygen affinity and occurs under low concentrations of oxygen or microaerophillic conditions. It is also interesting to note that facultative anaerobes, produce extracellular chitinase, and have specific requirements for sodium ion (Nealson and Hastings 497). FIREFLY REACTION The most widely known example of bioluminescence is in the fireflies. Bioluminescence in members of the beetle order is very unique. Fireflies use precisely timed light signals to attract mates. Specialized cells within the lantern section of the abdomen like all forms of bioluminescence involve a luciferin-luciferase reaction. This reaction can be divided into two steps. First, luciferin combines with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to form luciferyl adenylate and pyrophosphate (PPi). This first step requires the prescence of magnesium ions (Osamu 5). Next, the enzyme luciferase speeds up oxidation of luciferyl adenylate to form oxyluciferin, adenosine phosphate (AMP), and light. This two-part process can be expressed as: Luceferin + ATP à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Luciferyl adenylate + PPi Luciferyl adenalte + O2 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Oxyluciferin + CO2 + AMP + Light FIREFLY CONTROL Although the reaction has been studied, the methods firefly use to control these flashes is still not well understood. Fireflies release the neurotransmitter octopamine that triggers a luciferin-luciferase reaction within the firefly lantern structure. However neurons synapse on tracheolar cells and not on firefly photocytes. Thus, there is a 17 micrometer gap between tracheolar cells and the photocytes. When fireflies were placed in a dark observation chamber with a steady flow of NO gas at 70 parts per million, adult Photuris fireflies immediately started to flash (Trimmer et al 2). Another not complexity in firefly light production is that fireflies can display different wavelengths of light. Because their luciferin molecules remain the same, scientists proposed that it was the color variation was the result of changes in the size of the luciferase protein cavity. Theoretically, a larger cavity would allow for more energy loss and thus lower-energy red light. Conversely, a smaller cavity would reduce energy loss and allow for higher-energy yellow and green light. Though this explanation seems to be logical, recent studies published by a team of scientists in Beijing suggest that the color of firefly light is affected by the polarity within the lantern microenvironment. Ya Jun Liu of the Beijing Normal University reports, Weve shown that the light wavelength [of the Luciola cruciata firefly] does not depend on the rigid or loose structure of luciferase but on the water H-bond network inside the cavityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Mutations of luciferase on residues involved in this network should modulate the color (Zyga 2). Though a little light is shed on how fireflies may actually the color of their light, clearly further research on the exact process is required. Marine Control In the marine environment, equally diverse techniques are employed to regulate bioluminescence. However, because most marine creatures house bacterial symbionts, light is constantly being produced and is difficult in a sense to turn on or off. Although light can attract prey and is useful in underwater communication, it also attracts unwanted attention from predators. The flashlight fish uses a retractable fold of skin as a shutter to conceal its bright photophore that lies below its eyes. In a similar sense, various luminous squids expand their chromatophores (color pigments) as to block off the emission of light. However, just recently scientists have discovered the first case of bioluminescence controlled by the use of hormones. Unlike the firefly luminescence, the velvet-belly lantern shark Etmopterus spinax relies on hormones to regulate luminescence, not nerves. Etmopterus spinax is now known to melatonin, prolactin, and alpha-MSH. These hormones are not new to science; theyve been known to control skin coloration in sharks and their cartilgenous relatives. Melatonin yields a slow, long-lasting glow on the underbelly of the shark, supposedly serving as counterilumination. On the other hand, prolactin elecits a quicker shine that only lasts up to an hour. Scientists hypothesize that the Etmopterus spinax use these relatively fast shines to singal to mates. Lastly, alpha-MSH inhibits luminescence. Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland and is known as the dark hormone for its role in sleep patterns in animals. As the shark descends deeper into the water column, its pineal gland senses the increasingly dark environment and compensates by producing melatonin. Therefore, melatonin is an ideal regulator because it is linked to the established biological processes of Etmopterus spinax. Quality of Light Chemiluminescence is the production of light through chemical reactions. Bioluminescence is simply chemiluminescence by a living organism. Therefore, bioluminescence can be considered to be a subset of chemiluminescence. The chemical reactions used to produce light are extremely efficient when compared to other methods of light production. Hence, bioluminescence is also known as cold light due to the relatively low amounts of heat that are produced. Conversely in incandescence, most of the energy used to create light is wasted as heat, and is accordingly dubbed hot light (Simon 13). Fluorescence on the other hand is the result of a special coating on the bulb that absorbs ultraviolet energy and then emits the energy as a longer wavelength of visible light. Phosphorescence is similar to fluorescence, but takes more time to re-emit light and is an overall slower process (Binger 1). INNOVATIONS The chemical luminol valued for its use as a chemiluminescent detector in crime scene investigations. Forensic investigators use luminol to specifically detect trace amounts of blood at crime scenes. To produce light, luminol needs to be activated by an oxidant. Often, a solution of hydrogen peroxide and a hydroxide salt is used to activate the luminol (Harrison 1). When a solution of luminol and the activator is sprayed upon a crime scene, trace amounts of iron present in the blood serves as a catalyst and speeds up the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The products of this chemical reaction are hydrogen and water. The luminol reacts with the hydroxide salt to form a dianion. The oxygen (produced by the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide) then reacts with the diananion to form organic peroxide. This compound is unstable and immediately decomposes to produce 5-aminophthalic acid. Electrons of the 5-aminophthalic acid are initially in an excited state, but they soon return to their ground state and release their excess energy as visible photons. Thus, a blue glow is generated and lasts for up to 30 seconds. Although this technique requires a fairly dark atmosphere, the glow can be recorded by a long-exposure photograph. Bioluminescence is finding its unique applications in many fields. A team of researchers headed by Ohio State University have discovered how to manipulate a firefly gene to fight a form of cancer. These researchers were hoping to find a way to fight the cancer adult T-cell lymphoma and leukemia (ATLL). Laboratory mice had ATLL tumor cells injected into their abdomens. Normally, the tumor would progress unnoticed until it reached its later more serious phase. However, the ATLL tumor cells were genetically modified to produce firefly luciferase. Upon receiving the altered ATLL cells, the mice were injected with luciferin. This immediately triggered the biochemical reaction characteristic of the firefly, allowing the researchers to clearly record the visual progression of the tumor. Using this precise method of tracking the tumor, the were able to discover that the drug PS-341 killed over 95% of the cancerous cells (Firefly Genes 1).

My Incredible Stay in Bolivia Essay -- Observation Essay, Descriptive E

My Incredible Stay in Bolivia As I lifted my heavy suitcase off the wheeled cart, my mind soon went to work reviewing everything I had brought. Considering the mad rush I had to get packed for my ten day stay in Bolivia, I knew there was no way I could have remembered to bring everything. I knew for sure that I had remembered my toothbrush, which is the thing I normally forget. I also mentally went through everything I had packed and to my delight realized I hadn't forgotten a thing! I was so proud of myself! I was part of a twenty-one member team from the United States that went to the largest city in Bolivia to provide humanitarian aid, which included eye exams and refractions. From the Santa Cruz airport, I rode in a small green and white taxi to the small church compound, the place I would be calling home for the next ten days. Stepping out onto the hard packed sandy ground, I silently caught my breath. It was amazing! Breathtaking would be a more appropriate word. Surrounding the small church, were so many different shades of green. The palm trees held a deep sea green color, while the small plants lining the walkway showed a lighter forest green. Plants grew everywhere. Everywhere, including the phone lines! I found out later, that because of the moisture in the air, plants could live anywhere without soil. This explained the hanging plant attached to the phone line directly above the church. A sweet, gentle smell hung in the air. Everywhere I turned, it was there. I soon realized that the smell was coming from a small jasmine bush. The bush had many dainty white flowers and each of them were distributing their fresh scent everywhere. Looking across the street, I could see several more varieties of trees and bu... ... I never fully grasped the power of that statement until I met these people. It is so true. Love bridges that barrier put up between the cultures, and that is enough. The church compound was filled and overflowing with the love these people showed, and to me, there is nothing more special than that. Yes, I will admit, the setting was gorgeous and so different from anything I had ever experience, but the people were what made it memorable for me. When I got back home, I was just as nervous about forgetting something there. I knew I had my toothbrush, and then quickly went through everything else in my suitcase. I was sure I hadn't left anything there, and I was so proud of myself! Then it hit me. I realized I had left something very important there. Something I could not live without. I had left a part of my heart in Bolivia, and I know it will always be there.

Disneyland

Marketing plan for HK Disneyland Disneyland is the strong brand name in the world. Hong Kong is home to the fifth Disney Resort in the world and the city's landscape and vibrant, diverse culture have inspired our Imagineers to create a variety of entertainment that is unique to Hong Kong Disneyland Resort. Hong Kong Disneyland Resort brings the magic of a world-class entertainment experience to people of all ages. Nowadays, HK Disneyland will be competing with local and other country theme park . More competitors go into share the market. The following is explain more about plan for our company marketing planning on the few years Executive Summary HK Disneyland is preparing to launch more products, services and more attraction. To arrive this goals, I think enlarge to develop it. Our objective is creating news product/service and get more customer . Our company wills offers a unique combination of features at value-added price. We are target on different segments customers. It can be make higher demands in the future. Moreover, objective is to achieve market share leader and financial objectives are achieve sales revenues increased more by 50% , the number of family tourists has increased by 20%, whereas the number of tourists aged below 16 has increased by 35% over the same period. HK Disneyland is a long-term investment and an important component of our tourism infrastructure. It helps develop Hong Kong into the premier destination for family tourists in the region due to growth of visitors. Current Marketing Situation HK Disneyland faces to hypercompetitors and many theme parks in the theme park entertainment market. For example, Singapore Universal Studios, Ocean Park is enlarging the area and build a hotel, Shanghai Disneyland will build. Diversification products/services are increasing popular today; forecasts suggest that annual sales of such devices will grow more than 50% for the next few years. More visitors income increased and life standard quality is improving due to their country economy turns better , so visitors is growth especially China visitors. China government has loosen the entry restrictions for citizens of many different countries. Hence, more intense demands are increasing. Moreover, nowadays rapid development of information technology, we can find some information and buy ticket and hotel in internet . New technology can improve our service too! The market segments will target all (we don’t ignore generation Y, because they are willing spend money on this status but still concentrate the family segments. China market has 20 millions children, we can solve their tension and make them fulfillment. To gain market share in dynamic environment, Disneyland must carefully target specific segments with features that deliver benefits valued by each customer group. Market Description HK Disneyland welcome all different age of visitors to come for has a fun. Specific segment being targeted include Baby boomer, Honeymooners, family such as Full nester, Student, Generation Y, Children . The following table shows how Disneyland suits the needs of targeted consumer segment. Disneyland consists of different product and service to cater the customer. E. g. Baby boomer like to watch parade and fireworks; Honeymooners take a photo for wedding album; family bring the child to see stage show ;student and generation Y enjoy the exciting rides and musical; children like cartoon character. In fact, all this entertainment facility is popular and caters all of the segments. Targeted Segment |Customer Need |Corresponding feature/Benefit | |Baby Boomer |- Sight seeing |- Inspiration Lake and Recreation Center | | |- with rich experience and extensive |- Park Promenade | | |knowledge |- Arboretum | | | |- Parade and fireworks | | |- Musical | |Honeymooners |- Desire romantic atmosphere |- Spa in hotel | | | |- Disneyland theme hotel | | | |- Romantic dinning restaurant | | | |- Take photo with cartoon character | |Family such as Full nester |-For relax and have a fun |- 3D film | | with child |-Have happy experience |- Musical | | | |- Parade and fireworks | | | |- Cartoon character | | | |- Rides | | | |- All activities and entertainment | Targeted Segment |Customer Need |Corresponding feature/Benefit | |Generation Y & student |- Exciting |- Rides such as Space Mountains | | |- Attractive |- Different and unique attraction such as 3D | | |- Cater friend gathering and have a fun |film, Musical | | |- Entertainments |- Halloween for scared ghost house, bright | | | |decorations of Christmas, celebrate the seasons| | | |with events | |Corporate users |- Convention room for meeting |- Explore the unique, modern and adaptable | | |- Banquet and event |places to host your guests | | |- |- Big area space for party | New Services To sustainable our company benefit, we need to Continuous improving firm. Add more values to satisfy our customers, therefore we can attack other competitors and bring our long term profit! I suggest some new service and how to product-market expansion. The following is includes market penetration, market development, product development and diversification. For the transportation, we can provide shuttle bus. Because customers think that when they going to back home from Disneyland, they think take the bus to home is very far and consumes a long time. They want to back home quickly and don’t want to wait a bus for a long time. To convenience them, we supply shuttle bus in the peak hour in the peak seasonal such as Halloween, Christmas events. We only provide single journey from Disneyland to center (e. g. Mongkok ) . It can solve people crowed and block. For new services, we would like add new technology in it. Such as Wi-FI in Disneyland, Mobile iPhone apps, hotel IP phone 5. ; Also, when customers watch the 3D film, we can provide functional Audio translator player to our come from different country visitors. They can use this player to choice their language to watch; For the disable or handicapped segment, we cant ignore them. We can provide guide dog to guide this group people visit around. We also have our crew to assist them. They can able to have good memory and experience. Moreover, we create a tour for disable and handicapped this group segment, because they want to have a fun but they need to pecial look after careful for them. This group really wants to visit but their family cannot take them out due to family member busy work. So that this group people can join our tour . They can feel our love and care them. They feel very touching . We will insert Story telling activities. Through cartoon character telling education sto ry to children, they can learn more. They also can offer special price tickets and souvenir and first priority to enjoy our attraction and entertainment ; In additional, Baby boomer care about her health on her age. So we can add some health product/services elements in it. We can take some vacant lands to be farm. This farm is farming organic foods and fruit. We can teach them how to farm and give some health knowledge to them. I believe that it have health and education elements . Every people like it and popular. Family like it much of this family tour; I would like to add circus. Performers may wear cartoon clothes to perform. It can target all segment. They don’t need outbound to see ; Insert Ferris Wheel in Disneyland ,more attraction and romantic ; Also, Take a land for four seasons garden. This garden has different varieties beauty flower and plants. In different season have different flowers to display; Then, I suggest customer take a cartoon clothes to wear and taking photo. Let the participants involved (emerging trend) , they think so funny! ; Final, most of the tourists is interesting to know more our company at the back such as the stage at the back ,how performers change their perform uniform so quick? How do the performers make up†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ etc. They are very interesting and want to explore the mysterious world of Disneyland. We can offer this suggestion to them. These new services and product is personalization. It can create and attract potential customers. We can make potential customer change to our actual customers. They will think more worth to visit! Competitive Review New theme park and new attraction sights to enter this market in the world. It has pressures industry participants to continually add features and cut prices. Competitions from specialized devices for sms, email messaging, invest lots of money on shopping mall. Key competitors include: – Ocean Park target segment to all groups. They have different values and features. They have exciting entertainment such as rides and also have sightseeing such as shows, animal exhibits. Those activities brings the culture and education value. – Universal Studios Singapore target segment to all groups. They have different values and features. Tourists explore world’s largest Marine life park, ride the movieâ„ ¢ at studio, catch Animatronics performance, meeting at largest column –free ballroom. Competitor |Targeted Segment |Features |Price | |Ocean Park |All group |Aquarium, The abyss turbo drop, Ocean theatre, Sea jelly |Adult | | | |spectacular, Skyfair, Space Wheel, Sightseeing tower, |$ 250 | | | |Panda, Alligator, dolphins |Children | | | | |$ 125 | |Universal Studios Singapore |All group |Roller coasters, movie-themed shows, ocean’s creatures, |Adult | | | |FestiveWalk, Maritime Xperiential Museum,Spa,Villa,Wedding |$ 365 | | | |banquet, Best dinning and atmosphere |Children | | | | |$ 265 | Despite this strong competition, Disneyland can carve out definite image nag gain recognition among targeted segment. Our voice-recognition features for fairy stories , Disneyland cartoon ,firework and Disney souvenirs. That is differentiation for competitive advantage. Also, they got good experience and unforgettable memory after they visit. Moreover, HK Disneyland has some product and services are HK Disneyland own and innovation such as it is a small world; the largest world film screen; three theme attractions, that are innovation and own in HK Disneyland and will not appear from other Disneyland; Besides, we have Toy Story Campus at HK Disneyland , that is innovation in Asia. TOWS MATRIX – DISNEYLAND | |Strengths (S) |Weaknesses (W) | | |Exclusive | | | -Disneyland patent right in HK(first cartoon |Smaller area size compare with other Disneyland | | |theme park) |Not attractive to generation Y. ( no more amusement| | |High standard of service |rides) | | |Strong brand name |Unchanged visual merchandising | | |Customer loyalty and have celebrity recommend|Less attraction | | |and support. | | |Strong network and support by HK government | | | |Comfort environment and warm atmosphere | | |Opportunities (O) |SO Strategies |WO Strategies | | | | | |Emerging trends destination |Take advertisement in family always visit |Enlarge Disneyland | |Solo tour (China Market) |place and internet. |- E. g. Disney Seas (a water world theme park) | |Pricing is cheaper than other Disneyland |Promotion to China market. |likes Tokyo | |Demand increasing due to people living |Provide diversification items in a program |2. To build up more attractive and values on | |standard enhanced, visitors growth up and |To promote Disneyland hotel and resort |Disneyland | |JPD rate raised |proving good services and quality |3. ) Don’t ignore target to generation Y. | |Threats (T) |ST Strategies |WT Strategies | |Increased competition. -Some countries |Offer special price for some seasonal |Review market strategy and whether need to | |built theme park are similar with |Insert Joint-related discount with other |refresh. | |Disneyland. E. g. : EVERLAND in Korea |brand company promotion |Create new customer and new product/service. | |,Universal Studies . Bring them to reminds of their childhood |Build image are sui table for all segment group | |Increased competition market share and |memory |Continuous improving firm and attend more SCR | |pressure on pricing ( Shanghai Disneyland)| |(Society corporate reasonability. | | | | | Objectives and Issues I have ser aggressive but achievable for the first and second years of market entry. First-year Objectives We are aiming for raising market share percentage; people aware of HK Disneyland and make them recall ; more different segments love and visit and make a buzz. Second- year Objectives Our second- year Objectives are to achieve market leader and keep it stable and keep for a long time. Increases the popular level in world and make tourists first priority to visit it. Also, have good profit revenue. ] Issues Our major issue is the ability to establish a well-regarded brand name with meaningful position. We must invest heavily in marketing to create a memorable and distinctive brand image projecting innovation, values, benefit. We also must measure awareness and response we can adjust our marketing efforts as necessary. Marketing Strategy Positioning Visit Disneyland differentiation, we are positioning as the most value and benefits added to visit. The friend and family gathering place. The strategy will focus on the attraction, entertainment, good atmosphere. Remind they will have unforgettable memory and remind they will loss if they never come. Product/Service/people strategy Tell the public that we will provide training to our staff, so our customers can feel our services have excellent quality service to provide. We will treat our staff happy, then staff can make happy and motivate to our customer. We will display beautiful, bright and well decoration, comfort environment, enjoyment , wonderment sight seeing and has a gorgeous time in the park . Price and promotion strategy We expect to lower the price of tickets when we expand and launch new attraction. We will do some promotion of tickets and hotel. We will make some promotion and discount in dull seasonal. Because it can attract more people to come. Also, student and disable person offer some discount; offer some package for family segment. If customer birthday or wedding anniversary or Disneyland anniversary, we also offer big discount and gifts for them . Moreover, we will contact some corporate and company to joint-relate discount. For example, if they shopping at Eugenegroup shop and purchase, they take the shop receipt can get special offer price. Then, we will launch new Disney cartoon souvenirs (Limited sale and limited version) in a year. It can attract customer to come and collect this valuable products. Place strategy Because is a fairy tale theme park, therefore the choice of location far away person smoke already place, the coordination specially designs the MTR subway to lead the paradise; The entire design extremely coordinates the paradise subject, enters the singularly varied paradise by the world through the tunnel. Establish strategic business units (SBUs) The Walt Disney Company Disneyland Disney Cruise Line Disneyland Hotel and Resort Disneyland souvenirs store Disneyland restaurant Action Programs Following are summaries of the action programes : 2010 July – 2011 July: Press Release: Hong Kong Disneyland Announces Expansion Plans. -Will have new Attractions in Disney and I phone apps -Concentrate to promote for China market on advertisements ( Media, web site,facebook. ) -Create and held on new different events for celebration and ceremony. 2011 July- 2012 July: -Make slogan and find different age of opinion leader and celebrity endorsement to promote for different segment group -To announce one of the new attractions is opening. -Continuing promote in advertisements and target all segment. Use different message and meaningful in advertisement media for all segments. – Keep promoting for China market -Sale promotion -Do more SCR and charity. Insert the new service such as for disable tour and new technology. -Photograph competition 2012 July- 2013July: Press Release: -All new products and new services finished to built and playing gradually. (details of new service and product ,see the above-mentioned articles -Continuing promote in advertisements and target all segment. Use different message and meaningful in advertisement media for all segments for the entire world. – Keep promoting for China market -Do more SCR and charity. – Slogan again and find different age of opinion leader and celebrity endorsement to promote for different segment group – Sale promotion continuing -Review the annual report Disneyland Marketing plan for HK Disneyland Disneyland is the strong brand name in the world. Hong Kong is home to the fifth Disney Resort in the world and the city's landscape and vibrant, diverse culture have inspired our Imagineers to create a variety of entertainment that is unique to Hong Kong Disneyland Resort. Hong Kong Disneyland Resort brings the magic of a world-class entertainment experience to people of all ages. Nowadays, HK Disneyland will be competing with local and other country theme park . More competitors go into share the market. The following is explain more about plan for our company marketing planning on the few years Executive Summary HK Disneyland is preparing to launch more products, services and more attraction. To arrive this goals, I think enlarge to develop it. Our objective is creating news product/service and get more customer . Our company wills offers a unique combination of features at value-added price. We are target on different segments customers. It can be make higher demands in the future. Moreover, objective is to achieve market share leader and financial objectives are achieve sales revenues increased more by 50% , the number of family tourists has increased by 20%, whereas the number of tourists aged below 16 has increased by 35% over the same period. HK Disneyland is a long-term investment and an important component of our tourism infrastructure. It helps develop Hong Kong into the premier destination for family tourists in the region due to growth of visitors. Current Marketing Situation HK Disneyland faces to hypercompetitors and many theme parks in the theme park entertainment market. For example, Singapore Universal Studios, Ocean Park is enlarging the area and build a hotel, Shanghai Disneyland will build. Diversification products/services are increasing popular today; forecasts suggest that annual sales of such devices will grow more than 50% for the next few years. More visitors income increased and life standard quality is improving due to their country economy turns better , so visitors is growth especially China visitors. China government has loosen the entry restrictions for citizens of many different countries. Hence, more intense demands are increasing. Moreover, nowadays rapid development of information technology, we can find some information and buy ticket and hotel in internet . New technology can improve our service too! The market segments will target all (we don’t ignore generation Y, because they are willing spend money on this status but still concentrate the family segments. China market has 20 millions children, we can solve their tension and make them fulfillment. To gain market share in dynamic environment, Disneyland must carefully target specific segments with features that deliver benefits valued by each customer group. Market Description HK Disneyland welcome all different age of visitors to come for has a fun. Specific segment being targeted include Baby boomer, Honeymooners, family such as Full nester, Student, Generation Y, Children . The following table shows how Disneyland suits the needs of targeted consumer segment. Disneyland consists of different product and service to cater the customer. E. g. Baby boomer like to watch parade and fireworks; Honeymooners take a photo for wedding album; family bring the child to see stage show ;student and generation Y enjoy the exciting rides and musical; children like cartoon character. In fact, all this entertainment facility is popular and caters all of the segments. Targeted Segment |Customer Need |Corresponding feature/Benefit | |Baby Boomer |- Sight seeing |- Inspiration Lake and Recreation Center | | |- with rich experience and extensive |- Park Promenade | | |knowledge |- Arboretum | | | |- Parade and fireworks | | |- Musical | |Honeymooners |- Desire romantic atmosphere |- Spa in hotel | | | |- Disneyland theme hotel | | | |- Romantic dinning restaurant | | | |- Take photo with cartoon character | |Family such as Full nester |-For relax and have a fun |- 3D film | | with child |-Have happy experience |- Musical | | | |- Parade and fireworks | | | |- Cartoon character | | | |- Rides | | | |- All activities and entertainment | Targeted Segment |Customer Need |Corresponding feature/Benefit | |Generation Y & student |- Exciting |- Rides such as Space Mountains | | |- Attractive |- Different and unique attraction such as 3D | | |- Cater friend gathering and have a fun |film, Musical | | |- Entertainments |- Halloween for scared ghost house, bright | | | |decorations of Christmas, celebrate the seasons| | | |with events | |Corporate users |- Convention room for meeting |- Explore the unique, modern and adaptable | | |- Banquet and event |places to host your guests | | |- |- Big area space for party | New Services To sustainable our company benefit, we need to Continuous improving firm. Add more values to satisfy our customers, therefore we can attack other competitors and bring our long term profit! I suggest some new service and how to product-market expansion. The following is includes market penetration, market development, product development and diversification. For the transportation, we can provide shuttle bus. Because customers think that when they going to back home from Disneyland, they think take the bus to home is very far and consumes a long time. They want to back home quickly and don’t want to wait a bus for a long time. To convenience them, we supply shuttle bus in the peak hour in the peak seasonal such as Halloween, Christmas events. We only provide single journey from Disneyland to center (e. g. Mongkok ) . It can solve people crowed and block. For new services, we would like add new technology in it. Such as Wi-FI in Disneyland, Mobile iPhone apps, hotel IP phone 5. ; Also, when customers watch the 3D film, we can provide functional Audio translator player to our come from different country visitors. They can use this player to choice their language to watch; For the disable or handicapped segment, we cant ignore them. We can provide guide dog to guide this group people visit around. We also have our crew to assist them. They can able to have good memory and experience. Moreover, we create a tour for disable and handicapped this group segment, because they want to have a fun but they need to pecial look after careful for them. This group really wants to visit but their family cannot take them out due to family member busy work. So that this group people can join our tour . They can feel our love and care them. They feel very touching . We will insert Story telling activities. Through cartoon character telling education sto ry to children, they can learn more. They also can offer special price tickets and souvenir and first priority to enjoy our attraction and entertainment ; In additional, Baby boomer care about her health on her age. So we can add some health product/services elements in it. We can take some vacant lands to be farm. This farm is farming organic foods and fruit. We can teach them how to farm and give some health knowledge to them. I believe that it have health and education elements . Every people like it and popular. Family like it much of this family tour; I would like to add circus. Performers may wear cartoon clothes to perform. It can target all segment. They don’t need outbound to see ; Insert Ferris Wheel in Disneyland ,more attraction and romantic ; Also, Take a land for four seasons garden. This garden has different varieties beauty flower and plants. In different season have different flowers to display; Then, I suggest customer take a cartoon clothes to wear and taking photo. Let the participants involved (emerging trend) , they think so funny! ; Final, most of the tourists is interesting to know more our company at the back such as the stage at the back ,how performers change their perform uniform so quick? How do the performers make up†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ etc. They are very interesting and want to explore the mysterious world of Disneyland. We can offer this suggestion to them. These new services and product is personalization. It can create and attract potential customers. We can make potential customer change to our actual customers. They will think more worth to visit! Competitive Review New theme park and new attraction sights to enter this market in the world. It has pressures industry participants to continually add features and cut prices. Competitions from specialized devices for sms, email messaging, invest lots of money on shopping mall. Key competitors include: – Ocean Park target segment to all groups. They have different values and features. They have exciting entertainment such as rides and also have sightseeing such as shows, animal exhibits. Those activities brings the culture and education value. – Universal Studios Singapore target segment to all groups. They have different values and features. Tourists explore world’s largest Marine life park, ride the movieâ„ ¢ at studio, catch Animatronics performance, meeting at largest column –free ballroom. Competitor |Targeted Segment |Features |Price | |Ocean Park |All group |Aquarium, The abyss turbo drop, Ocean theatre, Sea jelly |Adult | | | |spectacular, Skyfair, Space Wheel, Sightseeing tower, |$ 250 | | | |Panda, Alligator, dolphins |Children | | | | |$ 125 | |Universal Studios Singapore |All group |Roller coasters, movie-themed shows, ocean’s creatures, |Adult | | | |FestiveWalk, Maritime Xperiential Museum,Spa,Villa,Wedding |$ 365 | | | |banquet, Best dinning and atmosphere |Children | | | | |$ 265 | Despite this strong competition, Disneyland can carve out definite image nag gain recognition among targeted segment. Our voice-recognition features for fairy stories , Disneyland cartoon ,firework and Disney souvenirs. That is differentiation for competitive advantage. Also, they got good experience and unforgettable memory after they visit. Moreover, HK Disneyland has some product and services are HK Disneyland own and innovation such as it is a small world; the largest world film screen; three theme attractions, that are innovation and own in HK Disneyland and will not appear from other Disneyland; Besides, we have Toy Story Campus at HK Disneyland , that is innovation in Asia. TOWS MATRIX – DISNEYLAND | |Strengths (S) |Weaknesses (W) | | |Exclusive | | | -Disneyland patent right in HK(first cartoon |Smaller area size compare with other Disneyland | | |theme park) |Not attractive to generation Y. ( no more amusement| | |High standard of service |rides) | | |Strong brand name |Unchanged visual merchandising | | |Customer loyalty and have celebrity recommend|Less attraction | | |and support. | | |Strong network and support by HK government | | | |Comfort environment and warm atmosphere | | |Opportunities (O) |SO Strategies |WO Strategies | | | | | |Emerging trends destination |Take advertisement in family always visit |Enlarge Disneyland | |Solo tour (China Market) |place and internet. |- E. g. Disney Seas (a water world theme park) | |Pricing is cheaper than other Disneyland |Promotion to China market. |likes Tokyo | |Demand increasing due to people living |Provide diversification items in a program |2. To build up more attractive and values on | |standard enhanced, visitors growth up and |To promote Disneyland hotel and resort |Disneyland | |JPD rate raised |proving good services and quality |3. ) Don’t ignore target to generation Y. | |Threats (T) |ST Strategies |WT Strategies | |Increased competition. -Some countries |Offer special price for some seasonal |Review market strategy and whether need to | |built theme park are similar with |Insert Joint-related discount with other |refresh. | |Disneyland. E. g. : EVERLAND in Korea |brand company promotion |Create new customer and new product/service. | |,Universal Studies . Bring them to reminds of their childhood |Build image are sui table for all segment group | |Increased competition market share and |memory |Continuous improving firm and attend more SCR | |pressure on pricing ( Shanghai Disneyland)| |(Society corporate reasonability. | | | | | Objectives and Issues I have ser aggressive but achievable for the first and second years of market entry. First-year Objectives We are aiming for raising market share percentage; people aware of HK Disneyland and make them recall ; more different segments love and visit and make a buzz. Second- year Objectives Our second- year Objectives are to achieve market leader and keep it stable and keep for a long time. Increases the popular level in world and make tourists first priority to visit it. Also, have good profit revenue. ] Issues Our major issue is the ability to establish a well-regarded brand name with meaningful position. We must invest heavily in marketing to create a memorable and distinctive brand image projecting innovation, values, benefit. We also must measure awareness and response we can adjust our marketing efforts as necessary. Marketing Strategy Positioning Visit Disneyland differentiation, we are positioning as the most value and benefits added to visit. The friend and family gathering place. The strategy will focus on the attraction, entertainment, good atmosphere. Remind they will have unforgettable memory and remind they will loss if they never come. Product/Service/people strategy Tell the public that we will provide training to our staff, so our customers can feel our services have excellent quality service to provide. We will treat our staff happy, then staff can make happy and motivate to our customer. We will display beautiful, bright and well decoration, comfort environment, enjoyment , wonderment sight seeing and has a gorgeous time in the park . Price and promotion strategy We expect to lower the price of tickets when we expand and launch new attraction. We will do some promotion of tickets and hotel. We will make some promotion and discount in dull seasonal. Because it can attract more people to come. Also, student and disable person offer some discount; offer some package for family segment. If customer birthday or wedding anniversary or Disneyland anniversary, we also offer big discount and gifts for them . Moreover, we will contact some corporate and company to joint-relate discount. For example, if they shopping at Eugenegroup shop and purchase, they take the shop receipt can get special offer price. Then, we will launch new Disney cartoon souvenirs (Limited sale and limited version) in a year. It can attract customer to come and collect this valuable products. Place strategy Because is a fairy tale theme park, therefore the choice of location far away person smoke already place, the coordination specially designs the MTR subway to lead the paradise; The entire design extremely coordinates the paradise subject, enters the singularly varied paradise by the world through the tunnel. Establish strategic business units (SBUs) The Walt Disney Company Disneyland Disney Cruise Line Disneyland Hotel and Resort Disneyland souvenirs store Disneyland restaurant Action Programs Following are summaries of the action programes : 2010 July – 2011 July: Press Release: Hong Kong Disneyland Announces Expansion Plans. -Will have new Attractions in Disney and I phone apps -Concentrate to promote for China market on advertisements ( Media, web site,facebook. ) -Create and held on new different events for celebration and ceremony. 2011 July- 2012 July: -Make slogan and find different age of opinion leader and celebrity endorsement to promote for different segment group -To announce one of the new attractions is opening. -Continuing promote in advertisements and target all segment. Use different message and meaningful in advertisement media for all segments. – Keep promoting for China market -Sale promotion -Do more SCR and charity. Insert the new service such as for disable tour and new technology. -Photograph competition 2012 July- 2013July: Press Release: -All new products and new services finished to built and playing gradually. (details of new service and product ,see the above-mentioned articles -Continuing promote in advertisements and target all segment. Use different message and meaningful in advertisement media for all segments for the entire world. – Keep promoting for China market -Do more SCR and charity. – Slogan again and find different age of opinion leader and celebrity endorsement to promote for different segment group – Sale promotion continuing -Review the annual report